4D Printing, Volume 2: Between Science and Technology

Who hasn’t dreamed of seeing matter transformed in a way that suits you?  This is the goal of 4D printing, using materials that can change in  terms of shape and property under the effect of energy stimulation. From  the description of the actions and actuators, the authors show the  weaknesses that limit the industrialization of 4D printing processes;  these are the modes of energy stimulation.

To prepare for the  future, two chapters are introduced: “Material-Process Duality in  Industrial 4D Printing” and “How to Approach 4D Printing in Design”. If  the capture and reuse of 4D printing knowledge is necessary for this  objective, the conclusion leaves the existing myth around the 4D  printing theme and proposes a “draft” roadmap that should be the subject  of reflection and scientific debate on a concept that is still  immature, but full of promise.