The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology

The first edition of The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology  introduced a completely new paradigm for detecting bladder cancer by  urine cytology. This system concentrated on defining morphological  characteristics of the most clinically significant form of bladder  cancer, High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma. This new approach has been  widely accepted throughout the world, and has become part of the daily  practice of cytology. Considering that the first edition of The Paris  System (TPS) introduced a new model of urinary cytodiagnosis,  verification and expansion of initial material and data were  anticipated. Based on evolving knowledge and readership requests, the  group of highly experienced authors have created a new edition of TPS.  This second edition includes areas and issues not originally covered. A  new chapter on urine cytology of the upper tract, a rarely addressed  topic, has been introduced. Furthermore, the issue of cellular  degeneration is discussed in the criteria of all diagnostic categories.  Examples of standardized reports are included in each chapter. Most  importantly, a separate chapter presents data defining the risk of  malignancy (ROM) for each diagnostic category to inform clinical  management. New high quality images augment those of the first edition  to better illustrate diagnostic clues and potential pitfalls.  In  addition to chapters on diagnostic criteria, current concepts of  pathogenesis of bladder cancer, specimen adequacy and preparation, and  ancillary tests are covered in separate chapters.  A bonus to the volume  is a comprehensive history of urine as the earliest diagnostic sample  of human disease, richly illustrated with artworks from major museums.